|
James William Deaderick (November 25, 1812 – October 8, 1890) was an American attorney who served as Chief Justice of the Tennessee Supreme Court from 1876 to 1886. Prior to becoming Chief Justice, he was an associate justice of the court, having been elected to the bench in 1870 after the enaction of the new state constitution. He had previously served one term in the Tennessee Senate (1851–1853), and campaigned as an elector for presidential candidate John Bell in 1860. ==Early life== Deaderick was born in Jonesborough, Tennessee, the youngest son of David Deaderick and Margaret (Anderson) Deaderick.〔William S. Speer, "(Hon. James W. Deaderick )," ''Sketches of Prominent Tennesseans'' (Genealogical Publishing Company, 2010; originally published in 1884), pp. 5-7.〕 His father was a Revolutionary War veteran who had arrived in Jonesborough in 1783,〔Paul Fink, ''Jonesborough: The First Century of Tennessee's First Town'' (Overmountain Press, 1989), pp. 43-45.〕 and was working as president of the local Bank of Tennessee branch when James was born.〔 James attended East Tennessee College in Knoxville, Tennessee, and Centre College in Danville, Kentucky, but did not graduate from either.〔George W. Pickle, "(A Tribute to the Memory of Hon. James W. Deaderick )," ''Reports of Cases Argued and Determined in the Supreme Court of Tennessee'' (Marshall and Bruce, 1891), pp. 759-765.〕 Deaderick and his wife, Adeline, moved to Cheek's Crossroads in Jefferson County, Tennessee (now part of Hamblen County) in 1833. He established a farm and opened a general store. Due in part to the Panic of 1837, his business had failed by the end of the decade.〔John Trotwood Moore, "(James W. Deaderick )," ''Tennessee: The Volunteer State, 1769–1923'' (S.J. Clarke Publishing Company, 1923), pp. 109-110.〕 In 1841, he was appointed by President John Tyler agent to the Potawatomi tribe in Iowa. He served in this post for just a few months, however.〔 Upon returning to Jonesborough, Deaderick studied law under Judge Seth J.W. Lucky, a local abolitionist.〔〔Walter T. Durham, "(The Underground Railroad in Tennessee to 1865 )" (The State of State History in Tennessee series), 1 November 2008, p. 35. Accessed at the Tennessee State Library and Archives website, 19 March 2015.〕 At one point early in his studies, he considered quitting, but continued after receiving encouragement from rising young attorney T.A.R. Nelson. He was admitted to the bar in 1844. When he showed up for his examination, Judge Lucky told him, "you need no examination."〔 He would practice law in Jonesborough until the Civil War.〔 In 1851, Deaderick, an "ardent Henry Clay Whig,"〔"(Communicated )," ''Jonesborough Herald and Tribune'', 28 April 1887, p. 2.〕 was elected to the Tennessee Senate seat for the district consisting of Washington, Carter, Sullivan, and Johnson counties. As chairman of the senate's Internal Improvement committee, he vigorously supported state funding for railroad construction. He served only one term.〔 Deaderick ran for judge of Tennessee's first judicial circuit in 1854, but was defeated by David T. Patterson, 3,173 votes to 1,986.〔"(Vote of the State )," ''Athens Post'', 16 June 1854, p. 2.〕 He was an unsuccessful candidate for state attorney general in 1859.〔"(Candidates: Attorney General and Reporter )," ''Nashville Patriot'', 10 August 1859, p. 3.〕 During the sectional crisis of the late 1850s, Deaderick opposed secession. In the 1860 presidential race, he campaigned as an elector for Constitutional Union candidate John Bell, who opposed both secession and the abolition of slavery.〔 Deaderick was a successful candidate on the Union ticket for the proposed state secession convention in February 1861, though voters rejected holding the convention.〔Oliver Perry Temple, ''(East Tennessee and the Civil War )'' (R. Clarke and Company, 1899), p. 170.〕 Deaderick was a member of the Washington County delegation at the Greeneville session of the pro-Union East Tennessee Convention in June 1861. As Washington County's representative on the convention's business committee, he opposed a series of confrontational resolutions proposed by T.A.R. Nelson, who was president of the convention, and instead supported a more moderate set of resolutions proposed by Knoxville attorney Oliver Perry Temple.〔Temple, ''East Tennessee and the Civil War'', p. 352.〕 As secession became a reality in Tennessee, Deaderick agreed to support the Confederacy.〔 He kept a low profile during the war,〔Sam Elliott, "(The Quo Warranto Cases of 1870 )," ''Tennessee Bar Association Journal'', 31 July 2013. Retrieved: 6 January 2015.〕 though six of his sons fought for the Confederacy.〔"(Chief Justice of Tennessee )," ''Jonesborough Herald and Tribune'', 30 March 1876, p. 2.〕 In April 1866, after the war had ended, Deaderick was forced to flee to Bristol after receiving threats from a local Union League.〔Paul H. Bergeron (ed.), ''(Volume 10 of the Papers of Andrew Johnson: February–July 1866 )'' (University of Tennessee Press, 1993), p. 436.〕 He moved to Knoxville shortly afterward to practice law.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「James W. Deaderick」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|